Novel Signaling Molecules | Biolog

Biolog is an innovative and scientifically oriented enterprise based in Germany that specializes in tools for signal transduction research. The company has its focus on nucleotide chemistry, with special emphasis on cyclic nucleotide-based modulators of respective protein kinases, phosphodiesterases, ion channels, etc.
As a reliable distributor of Biolog in India, we take pride in announcing the launch of glycocyclic cADPR isomers, which hold great significance in both bacterial and plant systems:

3'-cADPR (1''-3'-gcADPR / 1''-3' glycocyclic ADPR), Cat # C 404
In the context of bacteria, the Thoeris defense system comprises ThsA and ThsB, which collectively inhibit bacteriophage (phage) infection and spread through an abortive infection mechanism. Upon infection, ThsB, a TIR-domain-containing protein, generates 3'-cADPR, which in turn activates ThsA, a potent NADase. Consequently, the cellular NAD+ pool is depleted, leading to cell growth arrest and ultimately the demise of infected cells. In response to this defense mechanism, certain phages have evolved Thoeris anti-defence (Tad) proteins, namely Tad1 and Tad2. These molecular sponges effectively bind and sequester 3'-cADPR, thereby preventing the activation of ThsA.
Furthermore, in plants, 3'-cADPR has been observed to be produced by HopAM1 in Pseudomonas syringae. This production has been associated with the suppression of plant immunity, suggesting that 3'-cADPR possesses roles beyond bacterial immunity.

2'-cADPR (1''-2'-gcADPR / 1''-2' glycocyclic ADPR), Cat # C 406
Equally noteworthy is 2'-cADPR, an isomer of 3'-cADPR and a novel signaling molecule with significant involvement in both plant and bacterial immunity. Studies have shown that TIR-domain-containing proteins in both plants and bacteria are responsible for the production of 2'-cADPR, implying that it may play a role in immune signaling analogous to its counterpart, 3'-cADPR. Notably, the phage proteins Thoeris anti-defence (Tad) Tad1 and Tad2, which inhibit the bacterial Thoeris system by binding 3'-cADPR, also exhibit high-affinity binding to 2'-cADPR.
As the trusted distributor of Biolog products in India, we take immense pride in offering these groundbreaking glycocyclic cADPR isomers. These products open up new avenues for research in the fields of bacterial and plant immunity, making them indispensable tools for the scientific community.

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